Apple Device Support · glossary

Apple Device Support glossary

#ABCDEFGHILMNOPQRSTUVWZAcronyms

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802.1X

A standard for network sign-in where each user or device proves its identity to a RADIUS server before joining enterprise Wi-Fi or Ethernet. Lesson: Enterprise: each user signs in

A

Accessibility Shortcuts

A quick way to turn chosen accessibility features on or off, such as triple-clicking the side button or pressing Option-Command-F5 on a Mac. Lesson: Shortcuts on iPhone and iPad

Account-driven User Enrollment

A way to enroll a personal device in MDM by signing in with a Managed Apple Account, keeping work data separate from personal data. Lesson: User Enrollment keeps data apart

Activation Lock

A Find My feature that ties a device to its owner's Apple Account, so nobody else can erase and reuse it without that account. Lesson: Activation and Activation Lock

Activity Monitor

A Mac utility that shows running apps and processes in real time, with CPU, memory, energy, disk and network use. Lesson: A live view of the Mac

Advanced Data Protection

An optional iCloud setting that end-to-end encrypts most iCloud data; the user must keep a recovery contact or key because Apple cannot recover it. Lesson: iCloud+ and Advanced Data Protection

AirDrop

Apple's feature for sending files, photos and links directly to nearby Apple devices over Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, without an internet connection. Lesson: Sending and receiving

All Processes, Hierarchically

An Activity Monitor view that shows each process under the process that started it. Lesson: Seeing the family tree

Allow applications from

A Mac Privacy & Security setting that limits which apps can open: App Store only, or App Store and identified developers. Lesson: The Security part of the pane on Mac

Analytics Data

The list in iPhone or iPad Settings > Privacy & Security > Analytics & Improvements that holds diagnostic files, including sysdiagnose archives. Lesson: Where it appears

App Store

Apple's store for apps on iPhone, iPad and Mac; it also delivers app updates. Lesson: Apps update too

App Switcher

The iPhone and iPad screen that shows recently used apps; swipe an app up there to close it. Lesson: On iPhone and iPad

App Updates

The App Store setting that installs app updates automatically when it is turned on. Lesson: Apps update too

Apple Business

Apple's web portal (formerly Apple Business Manager) where organizations manage devices, apps and Managed Apple Accounts and assign devices to an MDM server. Lesson: Automated Device Enrollment

Apple Configurator

Apple's Mac app (and iPhone app) for setting up, restoring, reviving and adding devices to Apple Business by hand. Lesson: Why setup looks different on company devices

Apple Diagnostics

A built-in Mac hardware test, started from startup options with Command-D on Apple silicon, that reports reference codes for problems found. Lesson: The modes you can reach

Ask Next Time Or When I Share

A Location Services choice that makes an app ask again the next time it wants the device's location. Lesson: The master switch and per-app choices

Ask to Join Networks

An iPhone and iPad Wi-Fi setting that controls whether the device notifies, asks or stays quiet when new networks are nearby. Lesson: Network-wide choices and the Mac

Assistive Access

A simplified iPhone and iPad layout with large buttons and only a few chosen apps, designed for people with cognitive disabilities. Lesson: Mobility, speech and cognition

AssistiveTouch

An accessibility feature that puts an on-screen menu in place of physical buttons and hard gestures. Lesson: Built in, not bolted on

Auto-Join Hotspot

An iPhone and iPad Wi-Fi setting that controls whether the device joins nearby Personal Hotspots automatically, asks first or never joins. Lesson: Network-wide choices and the Mac

Automated Device Enrollment (ADE)

Enrollment of organization-owned devices in MDM during setup, with supervision, using devices assigned in Apple Business or Apple School Manager. Lesson: Supervision unlocks more control

Automatic Updates

Settings that let a device download and install software updates on its own, usually overnight while charging. Lesson: Automatic Updates settings

Await configuration

An enrollment option that holds a new device in Setup Assistant until MDM has finished sending its settings and apps. Lesson: Skipping and adding Setup Assistant panes

B

Back Tap

An iPhone accessibility feature that runs a chosen action when you double-tap or triple-tap the back of the phone. Lesson: Shortcuts on iPhone and iPad

Background Security Improvements

Security fixes Apple delivers between full software updates, starting with the 26.1 releases; they replace Rapid Security Responses. Lesson: Security fixes between updates

Bluetooth

Short-range wireless technology used for accessories and to check that devices are near each other for features like AirDrop and Handoff. Lesson: Signing in on someone else's device

Bundle ID

An app's unique identifier, such as com.example.app, used by tools like tccutil and by MDM. Lesson: The commands

C

Captive portal

A web page a public network shows after you join, where you sign in, pay or accept terms before internet access works. Lesson: Open, secured and captive

Compliance

Whether a device meets an organization's rules, such as being enrolled in MDM, which identity providers can check before allowing sign-in. Lesson: Why resources stop working

Configuration profiles

Files (.mobileconfig) that carry settings such as Wi-Fi, VPN, mail, certificates and restrictions to Apple devices. Lesson: What MDM is, and why it matters to you

Console

A Mac app for viewing log messages and reports, such as crash and spin reports, from the Mac or a connected device. Lesson: After the Mac starts again

Contacts Only

An AirDrop setting that lets only people in your contacts see and send to your device. Lesson: Who can find you

Content Caching

A macOS service that stores Apple software updates and apps on a Mac so local devices can download them faster. Lesson: Sharing on Mac

Continuity

A group of features, such as Handoff and Universal Clipboard, that let nearby Apple devices on the same account work together. Lesson: The Continuity features

Crashed thread

The part of a crash report that shows which thread failed and the code it was running at the time. Lesson: Reading a crash report

D

DFU mode

Device Firmware Update mode, a deeper state than recovery mode, used to revive or restore a device from another Mac. Lesson: Update first, then Restore

DHCP

The service that gives devices an IP address, router and DNS settings automatically when they join a network. Lesson: Read the IP settings

Disk Utility Erase

The Disk Utility command that wipes a disk or volume and formats it again, removing everything on it. Lesson: Which tool erases data?

Disk Utility First Aid

The Disk Utility command that checks a disk for errors and repairs them without erasing data. Lesson: Which tool erases data?

Display & Text Size

Accessibility settings for bold or larger text, higher contrast, color filters and other display changes. Lesson: Vision and hearing

E

EAP-FAST

An 802.1X sign-in method that builds a protected tunnel with a stored credential before checking the user. Lesson: Enterprise: each user signs in

EAP-TLS

An 802.1X sign-in method where both the device and the server prove their identity with certificates, so no password is sent. Lesson: Enterprise: each user signs in

EAP-TTLS

An 802.1X sign-in method that sends a user name and password inside an encrypted TLS tunnel. Lesson: Enterprise: each user signs in

Emergency Reset

A Safety Check option that immediately stops sharing with all people and apps and resets privacy permissions. Lesson: Sharing on iPhone and iPad

Encrypt local backup

A Finder option that protects iPhone and iPad backups on a computer with a password and adds data such as saved passwords and Health. Lesson: Mac and Apple Configurator backups leave out

Enrollment profile

The MDM profile a device installs to enroll in an MDM service and accept its management. Lesson: What MDM is, and why it matters to you

Erase All Content and Settings

The on-device command that wipes an iPhone, iPad or Mac back to factory settings. Lesson: Three ways to erase and restore

Erase Mac

A Recovery Assistant option on Macs that erases all users and data and makes the Mac ready to set up again. Lesson: Which tool erases data?

Errors and Faults

A Console filter that shows only error and fault messages, hiding routine ones. Lesson: The Mac's log viewer

Ethernet

A wired network connection, usually faster and steadier than Wi-Fi. Lesson: Changing it

Everyone for 10 Minutes

An iPhone and iPad AirDrop setting that lets anyone nearby send for 10 minutes, then returns to Contacts Only. Lesson: Who can find you

Exception type

The crash report field that names the kind of failure, such as EXC_BAD_ACCESS for a bad memory access. Lesson: Reading a crash report

F

Fallback recoveryOS

A second copy of recoveryOS on Apple silicon Macs, started by double-pressing and holding the power button when normal recovery fails. Lesson: The modes you can reach

Federation

Linking Apple Business to an identity provider, such as Microsoft Entra ID or Google Workspace, so users sign in with work credentials. Lesson: Who owns the account

Feedback Assistant

Apple's app and website for sending bug reports and diagnostic files to Apple. Lesson: Submitting it

File Sharing

A Mac Sharing service that lets other computers reach chosen folders over the network. Lesson: Sharing on Mac

FileVault

Mac full-disk encryption that protects the startup disk's data, unlocked by a user password or a recovery key. Lesson: FileVault and passwords in Recovery

Force Quit

Ending an app immediately without letting it save, used when it stops responding. Lesson: On Mac

Force restart

A button sequence that restarts a frozen iPhone or iPad without using the screen; data is not erased. Lesson: On iPhone and iPad

Full Disk Access

A Mac privacy permission that lets an app read protected data, such as Mail and Messages, across the whole disk. Lesson: Where permissions live

G

Guided Access

An accessibility feature that locks an iPhone or iPad to one app and can turn off parts of the screen. Lesson: Built in, not bolted on

H

Handoff

A Continuity feature that lets you start a task on one Apple device and pick it up on another nearby. Lesson: The requirements most features share

Hide My Email

An iCloud+ feature that creates random email addresses that forward to your real inbox. Lesson: iCloud+ and Advanced Data Protection

I

iCloud

Apple's service that stores and syncs an Apple Account's data, such as photos, files and backups, across devices and the web. Lesson: What iCloud does

iCloud Backup

An automatic backup of an iPhone or iPad to iCloud, made when it is locked, charging and on Wi-Fi. Lesson: iCloud Backup problems

iCloud Keychain

End-to-end encrypted syncing of passwords, passkeys and Wi-Fi details across a user's Apple devices; it needs two-factor authentication. Lesson: Creating and syncing passkeys

iCloud Private Relay

An iCloud+ feature that hides your IP address and Safari browsing from networks and websites. Lesson: iCloud+ and Advanced Data Protection

iCloud+

Apple's paid iCloud plans, which add storage and privacy features such as Hide My Email and iCloud Private Relay. Lesson: What iCloud does

Input Monitoring

A Mac privacy permission that lets an app read keyboard and other input, even while another app is in use. Lesson: Where permissions live

Installer Log

A log window in the macOS installer that records each install step and error. Lesson: Open the Recovery Log

Instant Hotspot

A feature that lets your other Apple devices signed in to the same Apple Account join your iPhone's Personal Hotspot without typing a password. Lesson: Hotspot basics

Internet Sharing

A Mac Sharing service that shares the Mac's internet connection with other devices, making the Mac act like a router. Lesson: Sharing on Mac

iOS Files

A Mac Storage category that holds iPhone and iPad backups and software files saved on the Mac. Lesson: See where the space went

L

LED flash for alerts

An accessibility option that flashes the camera light when notifications arrive. Lesson: Vision and hearing

Live Captions

An accessibility feature that shows real-time on-device captions for spoken audio in calls, videos and apps. Lesson: Vision and hearing

Live Speech

An accessibility feature that speaks typed text aloud during calls and in person. Lesson: Built in, not bolted on

Locations

Saved sets of Mac network settings, such as Office and Home, that you can switch between. Lesson: Details for a service

Lockdown Mode

An optional, extreme protection that limits some features to defend against rare, highly targeted cyberattacks. Lesson: The Security part of the pane on Mac

Login keychain

The user's main keychain on a Mac, which stores passwords and unlocks with the login password. Lesson: The keychain catch

M

MAC address

A hardware address that identifies a network interface on the local network. Lesson: A private address for each network

MAC address filtering

A router setting that admits only devices whose MAC addresses are on an allow list. Lesson: When to turn it off

MAC filtering

Short for MAC address filtering: a network admits only devices whose MAC addresses it recognizes. Lesson: Scope first

MacOS Recovery

A separate startup environment on every Mac with tools to reinstall macOS, restore from Time Machine, repair disks and change security settings. Lesson: Checking and changing SIP

Magnifier

An app on iPhone, iPad and, starting with macOS Tahoe, Mac that uses a camera to enlarge text and objects. Lesson: Vision and hearing

Manage Sharing & Access

A Safety Check option that lets you review and stop sharing with chosen people and apps one by one. Lesson: Sharing on iPhone and iPad

Managed Apple Account

An Apple Account that an organization creates and owns, for work or school use. Lesson: Who owns the account

Managed apps

Apps installed and controlled by MDM, which can configure them and remove them along with their data. Lesson: Settings, restrictions, apps and commands

Managed open-in

An MDM control that keeps documents from work apps from being opened in personal apps. Lesson: A separate, encrypted place for work

Mobile device management (MDM)

A service organizations use to enroll Apple devices and send them settings, apps, restrictions and commands. Lesson: What MDM is, and why it matters to you

N

Network service

One network connection on a Mac, such as Wi-Fi, Ethernet or Thunderbolt Bridge, shown in Network settings with a status color. Lesson: The Network pane

Not Responding

The label Activity Monitor and Force Quit show beside an app that has stopped responding. Lesson: Quit or Force Quit

O

Offload

Removing an app but keeping its documents and data, so reinstalling it brings everything back. Lesson: On iPhone and iPad

Open Anyway

A Privacy & Security button that lets a user open an app Gatekeeper blocked, once they trust it. Lesson: The Security part of the pane on Mac

P

Passkey

A sign-in credential that uses a pair of cryptographic keys instead of a password and works only on the site it was made for. Lesson: Why passkeys beat passwords

Passwords

Apple's app for viewing and managing saved passwords, passkeys, Wi-Fi passwords and verification codes. Lesson: Creating and syncing passkeys

Payloads

The individual settings inside a configuration profile, such as Wi-Fi, VPN, mail or passcode rules. Lesson: Settings, restrictions, apps and commands

PEAP

An 802.1X sign-in method that sends a user name and password inside a protected TLS tunnel. Lesson: Enterprise: each user signs in

Performance

A Wireless Diagnostics window that graphs Wi-Fi signal, noise and transmit rate over time. Lesson: Running Wireless Diagnostics

Personal Apple Account

An Apple Account a person creates and owns, used for purchases, iCloud and all personal Apple services. Lesson: Who owns the account

Personal Hotspot

A feature that shares an iPhone's or cellular iPad's mobile data with other devices over Wi-Fi, Bluetooth or USB. Lesson: Hotspot basics

Personal Voice

An accessibility feature that creates a synthesized voice that sounds like the user, for use with Live Speech. Lesson: Mobility, speech and cognition

Phishing-resistant

Describes a sign-in method, such as a passkey, that cannot be used on a fake site because it is tied to the real one. Lesson: Why passkeys beat passwords

Precise Location

A per-app location setting; turning it off gives the app only an approximate area. Lesson: The master switch and per-app choices

Privacy Preferences Policy Control

An MDM payload that sets some Mac privacy permissions for apps; it can deny but never grant camera and microphone access. Lesson: What MDM can and can't do here

Private Browsing

A Safari mode that keeps no history and forgets the session's website data when the window closes. Lesson: What a Safari profile is

Private key

The secret half of a key pair, kept only by its owner and used to prove identity. Lesson: Why passkeys beat passwords

Private Wi-Fi address

A different MAC address a device uses on each Wi-Fi network so it is harder to track. Lesson: A private address for each network

Public key

The shareable half of a key pair, used by others to check signatures made with the private key. Lesson: Why passkeys beat passwords

Q

QR code

A square barcode a camera can scan to open a link, join Wi-Fi or approve a sign-in. Lesson: Signing in on someone else's device

Quick Start

A setup method that copies settings and data to a new iPhone or iPad from a nearby device. Lesson: Quick Start and data transfer problems

R

Rapid Security Response

Apple's earlier name for security fixes delivered between full updates, used from iOS 16 and macOS Ventura until the 26.1 releases. Lesson: Settings, removal and MDM

Rapid Security Responses

Security fixes delivered between full updates from iOS 16 and macOS Ventura until the 26.1 releases, which replaced them with Background Security Improvements. Lesson: Security fixes between updates

Re-enrollment

Enrolling a device in MDM again after it was removed, which restores the organization's settings, apps and access. Lesson: The fix: enroll again

Receiving Off

An AirDrop setting that hides the device so nobody can send it files. Lesson: Who can find you

Recovery Log

A log window in macOS Recovery that records what recovery tools and installs did, including errors. Lesson: Open the Recovery Log

Recovery mode

A state where a connected computer can update or restore an iPhone or iPad that will not start normally. Lesson: When to use recovery mode

Reinstall macOS

A macOS Recovery option that installs a fresh copy of macOS while keeping users and files. Lesson: Which tool erases data?

Remote Login

A Mac Sharing service that allows SSH and SFTP access from other computers. Lesson: Sharing on Mac

Remote Management

A Mac Sharing service for Apple Remote Desktop; also the Setup Assistant screen that shows a device is enrolling in MDM. Lesson: Automated Device Enrollment

Remove and Restart

Removing applied Background Security Improvements, which returns the device to its last full software update after a restart. Lesson: Settings, removal and MDM

Renew DHCP Lease

A network command that asks the DHCP server for a fresh address and settings. Lesson: Details for a service

Reports

The section of Console's sidebar that lists saved crash, spin, log and diagnostic reports. Lesson: The Reports sidebar

Reset All Settings

A reset that returns settings to their defaults without erasing apps or data; it also clears the backup encryption password. Lesson: Forgotten encrypted backup password

Reset Home Screen Layout

A reset that puts built-in apps back in their original places on the Home Screen. Lesson: Reset is not erase

Reset Keyboard Dictionary

A reset that removes the words the keyboard has learned from your typing. Lesson: Reset is not erase

Reset Location & Privacy

A reset that makes every app ask again for location and privacy permissions. Lesson: Reset is not erase

Reset Network Settings

A reset that removes saved Wi-Fi networks and passwords, VPN and cellular settings, keeping other data. Lesson: Reset is not erase

Reset Password

The Users & Groups button an administrator uses to set a new login password for another user. Lesson: The steps

Restore

Erasing a device and installing a fresh copy of its operating system. Lesson: Update first, then Restore

Restore from Time Machine

A macOS Recovery option that brings back a Mac's data and settings from a Time Machine backup. Lesson: Which tool erases data?

Restore iPhone

The Finder command that erases an iPhone and installs the latest iOS; Find My must be off. Lesson: Three ways to erase and restore

Return to Service

An MDM option that erases a supervised device and brings it back to the Home Screen, managed, without manual setup. Lesson: Why setup looks different on company devices

Revive

An Apple Configurator option that fixes a Mac's firmware and recoveryOS without erasing data. Lesson: Update first, then Restore

RSSI

Received Signal Strength Indicator: Wi-Fi signal strength in dBm, where values closer to zero are stronger. Lesson: Option-click the Wi-Fi icon

Run Spindump

An Activity Monitor report for apps that hung and had to be force quit. Lesson: The diagnostics menu

Run System Diagnostics

An Activity Monitor command that collects a full sysdiagnose archive of logs from across the Mac. Lesson: The diagnostics menu

S

Safari profile

A separate set of Safari browsing data, with its own history, cookies, Tab Groups and extension settings; passwords and bookmarks are shared. Lesson: What a Safari profile is

Safe mode

A Mac startup mode that loads only required software and checks the startup disk, to test whether other software causes a problem. Lesson: The modes you can reach

Safety Check

An iPhone feature that shows and stops what you share with other people and apps, with an Emergency Reset option. Lesson: Sharing on iPhone and iPad

Sample Process

An Activity Monitor report that records what one selected process does over about three seconds. Lesson: The diagnostics menu

Scan

A Wireless Diagnostics window that lists nearby Wi-Fi networks with their channels and signal levels. Lesson: Running Wireless Diagnostics

Screen Sharing

A Mac Sharing service that lets someone see and control the Mac's screen from another computer. Lesson: Sharing on Mac

Self-assigned

Describes an IP address starting with 169.254 that a device gives itself when no DHCP server answers. Lesson: Read the IP settings

Service order

The order in which a Mac tries its network services, using the highest active one first. Lesson: Who goes first

Setup Assistant

The step-by-step screens a new or erased Apple device shows to set it up. Lesson: Automated Device Enrollment

Setup Assistant panes

The individual setup screens, such as Siri or Screen Time, which MDM can choose to skip. Lesson: Skipping and adding Setup Assistant panes

Share Disk

A macOS Recovery tool that shares an Apple silicon Mac's internal disk with another Mac over a cable. Lesson: Share Disk and DFU mode

Side button

The button on the side of an iPhone used to lock it, wake it and, with other buttons, restart it. Lesson: Getting into recovery mode (iPhone 8 and later)

Sign In to Work or School Account

The Settings option for enrolling a personal device with a Managed Apple Account. Lesson: The fix: enroll again

Sound Recognition

An accessibility feature that listens for sounds such as alarms or doorbells and sends a notification. Lesson: Vision and hearing

Spin (hang) report

A report that shows where a process was stuck while it was not responding. Lesson: Hangs and errors

Startup options

The Apple silicon Mac screen, opened by holding the power button, that lists startup disks and Options for recovery. Lesson: It all starts with the power button

Supervised

A management state for organization-owned devices that gives MDM more control, such as extra restrictions. Lesson: Where to look on iPhone and iPad

Switch Control

An accessibility feature that lets people operate a device with adaptive switches, one item at a time. Lesson: Mobility, speech and cognition

Sysdiagnose

A single archive of system logs, reports and device state that Apple and developers use to diagnose problems. Lesson: What sysdiagnose collects

System Data

A Mac Storage category for files macOS manages itself, such as caches, logs and temporary files. Lesson: See where the space went

System Information

A Mac app that lists detailed hardware, network and software information, including installed profiles. Lesson: Where to look on a Mac

System Integrity Protection (SIP)

A macOS protection that stops any process, even root, from changing protected system files and folders. Lesson: Even root can't touch these

System Report

The detailed hardware and software report shown in System Information, opened from About in System Settings. Lesson: Opening System Report

System Services

The Location Services section for system features such as time zone, Significant Locations and Find My. Lesson: System services, Mac, and resetting

T

Tab Groups

Saved sets of Safari tabs that you can open and switch between. Lesson: Create, use and remove profiles

TCC

Transparency, Consent, and Control: the macOS system that records which apps may use protected data and hardware. Lesson: TCC and when to reset

Tccutil

A Mac Terminal command that resets saved privacy choices so apps must ask for permission again. Lesson: TCC and when to reset

Tracking

The Privacy & Security setting that controls whether apps may ask to track you across other companies' apps and websites. Lesson: Where permissions live

Trust

The prompt that approves a computer to access an iPhone or iPad over a cable. Lesson: Mac (Finder) and Apple Configurator problems

Two-factor authentication

A sign-in check that needs both the password and a code or trusted device, so a stolen password alone is not enough. Lesson: Creating and syncing passkeys

Tx Rate

The current Wi-Fi transmit speed between a device and its access point. Lesson: Option-click the Wi-Fi icon

U

Unmanaged destination

A place, such as a personal app or AirDrop, where MDM can block documents from managed apps from going. Lesson: Managed devices and AirDrop

Update

A newer version within the same major release, such as iOS 26.0 to 26.1; also the recovery mode choice that reinstalls without erasing. Lesson: Update first, then Restore

Upgrade

A move to a new major operating system version, such as iOS 18 to iOS 26. Lesson: Update or upgrade

User Enrollment

MDM enrollment for personal devices that keeps work data separate and gives the organization limited control. Lesson: What MDM cannot see

Users & Groups

The Mac System Settings pane for adding, removing and managing local user accounts and passwords. Lesson: The steps

V

Voice Control

An accessibility feature that lets people operate the whole device with spoken commands. Lesson: Mobility, speech and cognition

VoiceOver

Apple's built-in screen reader, which speaks what is on screen and is controlled with gestures or keys. Lesson: Built in, not bolted on

Volume down

The button that lowers volume; it is also part of restart and recovery mode button sequences. Lesson: Getting into recovery mode (iPhone 8 and later)

Volume up

The button that raises volume; it is also part of restart and recovery mode button sequences. Lesson: Getting into recovery mode (iPhone 8 and later)

VPN & Device Management

The iPhone and iPad Settings screen that lists VPN settings, the MDM enrollment and installed profiles. Lesson: Where to look on iPhone and iPad

W

Weak Security

A warning Apple devices show for Wi-Fi networks using outdated security such as WEP or WPA with TKIP. Lesson: Personal: one shared password

WEP

Wired Equivalent Privacy: the original Wi-Fi encryption, now broken and flagged as weak security. Lesson: Personal: one shared password

While Using the App

A Location Services choice that lets an app use location only while it is open or in use. Lesson: The master switch and per-app choices

Wireless Diagnostics

A Mac utility, opened by Option-clicking the Wi-Fi icon, that analyzes Wi-Fi problems and creates reports. Lesson: Running Wireless Diagnostics

WPA/TKIP

An old Wi-Fi security combination, now deprecated, that Apple devices flag as weak security. Lesson: Personal: one shared password

WPA2 Enterprise

Wi-Fi security with AES where each user signs in through 802.1X and a RADIUS server instead of a shared password. Lesson: Enterprise: each user signs in

WPA2 Personal

Wi-Fi security with AES that uses one shared password; still widely supported. Lesson: Personal: one shared password

WPA2/WPA3 Transitional

A Wi-Fi mode that lets older devices use WPA2 while newer devices use WPA3 on the same network. Lesson: Personal: one shared password

WPA3 Enterprise

The newest enterprise Wi-Fi security, using 802.1X sign-in, with an optional 192-bit mode. Lesson: Enterprise: each user signs in

WPA3 Personal

The newest shared-password Wi-Fi security, using SAE to resist password guessing; Apple's recommended choice. Lesson: Personal: one shared password

Z

Zoom

An accessibility feature that magnifies the whole screen or part of it. Lesson: Vision and hearing

Acronyms

Apple, iPhone, iPad and Mac are trademarks of Apple Inc. Ranger Gamez is not affiliated with or endorsed by Apple. The practice questions are written to the published exam objectives; they are not real exam questions.